Research Process - Ongoing Literature Review (04 December 2011)

Literature to support the following question:

Continued approaches to reformatting of the leading question.

1.'When did people start using interactive tools for learning chinese and what benefits do these have over traditional forms of learning?'

2.'How social changes influence learning styles of Mandarin between the UK, USA, Hong Kong, China, Singapore and Taiwan.'

3.***'How have people studied Mandarin Chinese in major European and Asian countries, an exploration of digital tools and art to teach, and how learning be made more creative and interactive?'***

Start - Present
Interactive tools for learning

Start - Present
Traditional forms of learning

Start - Present
Mandarin Chinese learning

Read the indexes of each book, to gather related links and follow new directions

What does Primary research include?

What does Secondary research include?

Establishing several sources of primary research to strengthen and support an argument.

Take screenshots of books - visual biblio

Look at how my research relates to my practice

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Literature review tips:

from:
http://www.emeraldinsight.com/authors/guides/write/literature.htm?part=2

Initial appraisal from raw bibliographical data:

• What are the author's credentials, are they an expert in the field? Are they affiliated to a reputable organization?
• What is the date of publication, is it sufficiently current or will knowledge have moved on?
• If a book, is it the latest edition?
• Is the publisher a reputable, scholarly publisher?
• If it is a journal, is it a scholarly journal which has been peer reviewed?

Appraisal based on content analysis:

• Is the writer addressing a scholarly audience?
• Does the author review the relevant literature?
• Does the author write from an objective viewpoint, and are their views based on facts rather than opinions?
• If the author uses research, is the design sound?
• Is it primary or secondary material?
• Does the author have a particular theoretical viewpoint, e.g. feminist?
• What is the relationship of this work to other material you have read on the same topic, does it substantiate it or add a different perspective?
• Is the author's argument logically organized and clear to follow?
• If the author is writing from a practice-based perspective, what are the implications for practice?

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Research Process - Intercultural Management research - (4 Dec 2011)

From Carroll, Sarah and Wang, Qiufu (2008) Teach yourself Business Mandarin Chinese,
Business Mandarin Chinese culture book, Teach yourself series, Hodder Education, London

From Chapter 6, p63 Getting Academic, exact text below, interpretations marked in brackets.

What is culture?

Culture can be described as:
assumptions
behaviours
beliefs
customs
ethics
ideals
ideas
identity
morals
norms
perceptions
practices
principles
systems
values

Intercultural management or cross-cultural management is the study of management styles across different cultures.

The 'onion' metaphor

Culture can be compared to an onion in that people filter messages through their own culture.

It is described that the onion consists of three layers.

The outer layer - the stuff we can easily identify such as part of a particular culture such as clothes, food, housing, or even language.
The middle layer - norms (what is considered right and wrong) and values (what is considered good and bad) are not visible but influence the way people behave
The inner layer - assumptions and approaches to solving problems and dilemas

Fons Trompenaars, a cultural expert explains that while it is often easy to physically 'see' and become familiar with the outer layers of culture, it is possible to learn the norms and values, but it will take time and understanding to become familiar with the inner layer of assumptions and basic approaches to life.

Fons Trompenaars
7d-culture.nl

Fons developed a model for looking at culture, by interviewing over 15,000 managers in over 30 countries:
1) universalism vs particularism (rules or relationships)
2) individualism vs collectivism (individual or group)
3) affective vs neutral (emotional or non-emotional)
4) diffuse vs specific (involvement or non-involvement)
5) achievement vs ascription (prove ourselves to receive status, or it is given to us)
6) sequential vs synchronic (one at a time or several things at once)
7) internal vs external (control environment or it controls us)


Geert Hofstead
geert-hofstead.com

Geert developed a different model for looking at culture:
1) power distance - looks at the degree to which an employee accepts that a superior has more power that they do. measure of power and inequality.
2) uncertainty avoidance - looks at the ability of a culture to live without formal rules and to live with ambiguity. it measures how much structure a society needs.
3) individualism-collectivism - shows the degree of concern an employee is likely to have for himself as an individual over the group as a whole. It is a measure of how group-orientated an individual can be.
4) masculinity-feminity - describes whether a culture is likely to tend towards a male culture (work goals, assertiveness,male roles) or towards a more female culture (personal culture, nurturing, female roles). It is a measure of the role of males and females in society.
5) long-term short-term orientation - describes the view that an individual may take regarding time.

Research Process - Visit to Lightbox, The Ceramic Heritage of Zibo exhibition (04 Dec 2011)

I was informed about an exhibition of Chinese Ceramics from Zibo, Shandong at the Lightbox Gallery in Woking, Surrey. I live about five minutes from this gallery so it is good to see a relevant exhibition of cultural art that can provide useful inspiration for my studies.

The use by the curator of the term 'Cultural Crossover' charted intercultural trade between China and the west over 2000 years.

I searched for the term 'Cultural Crossover' and see that is used to apply to artists who take inspiration from other cultures, and merge the influences into their own work. They can take the same objects and motifs and bring their own meaning to them.
Example artist cross cultural works are shown here:
http://tiscoart.blogspot.com/2011/03/arnaud-pages-free-figuration-kid.html

The interesting thing about this poster was that the designer chose to show both pattern and typograhpy together. This is usually kept separate than combined in most graphic design, so although this might appear busy to some, the effects appears to look quite distintive and interesting to view. Some of the letterforms at the top are semi-transparent and this tends to merge the lettering that provide sufficient contrast.



Various organisations were linked with the exhibition - Chinese Embassy London, British Embassy China, Fitzwilliam Museum Cambridge, The British Museum, The Zibo Ceramics Museum and Woking Chinese Association.



As photography of the actual ceramics was prohibited, I took photos of the text about exhibition, and picked up a free guide for the exhibition.There were background texts to give context to characters and writing. One piece stated that a character could have up to 64 strokes. I am curious as to what a 64-stroke character looks like!

Examples of the ceramics can be seen here.
http://www.chinatravelguide.com/ctgwiki/Chinese_Ceramic_Museum_of_Zibo

For me the most memorable items were pieces of ceramics that were made of 'New materials' such as bubbled ceramics, fired metallic ceramic, and ceramics with writing scriptures on fine porcelain that took the maker one year to make.

Alot of the collection at the Woking Lightbox is part of the Ingram Collection, loaned to the Lightbox by Chris Ingram, a local businessmen, who is regarded as the inventor of the modern media agency and owner of Woking Football club. Chris Ingram has a company called Ingram Enterprise which helps to build small and medium size enterprises.
http://www.ingramenterprise.com/

It was interesting that maybe in reference to Ingram's football connection and the gallery, that there were some ceramic figure scupltures playing a game of ancient 'Cuju', which was claimed to be the forerunner to modern football. Whether the game of 'Football' was formed first of all in Greece or China is actually questionable, or perhaps in both places, but some sources claim that Cuju developed into modern football in Europe around the time of the Tang dynasty, around 700-800 AD.

Research Process - Learning Networks (01 Dec 2011)

Learning/Translation Networks:
-------------------------------------------------------------------

I found this Duolingo website from techweb.com website:

http://duolingo.com/

The idea is that it is crowdsourced text translation. Anyone can sign up and learn a new language such as Spanish, German, French, Italian or Chinese. They can also translate texts into another language and then save these for others to learn with. In a way like wikipedia the authority behind these can be questioned however with enough people to check them, they can be given a certain amount of authentication.


Learning through Social Networks:
------------------------------------
Also I have been thinking about sharing language learning by viral means through social networks.

How would I disseminate a character, a word, or a sentence so that it is memorable, clearly identifyable?

For a character it could be saved as a large image with the pinyin.


Learning Stickers - for posting and printing
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Avoiding the obvious
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Buildings with writing idea




What are the new questions for the survey that I would like to run?
-------------------------------------------------------------------
What is difficult about learning the characters?



Essential questions I can ask myself when judging pieces of work?
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Has it been done before?

Research Process - PG01-11 (29 Nov 2011)

This week we reviewed the content from the submission of the Learning Plans.

Learning Plan - Clear in own learning

How to construct an easy to navigate document

WIRED - Do you read? - Steve Jobs - Sense of debate
Some of the articles say someone is wrong

Bibliography
Literature Review - dates is crucial, website visited date
capture when an idea was first identified
Look through a publication over 20 years

BOOK: HOW TO TALK ABOUT BOOKS YOU HAVEN'T READ

Shared thinking / Source thinking
How do people learn in School

BOOK: WHERE GOOD IDEAS COME FROM
Steven Johnson, writes in Wired Magazine
Good ideas coming out of collisions
Ideas happen by chance
Keep talking about power of collaboration

What happen now?

Learning Plan, beginning of research project, prototyping/conceptual models

Seamless transition / CARD / Things new are going to grow

Reflection on BA / Separate modules / emphasize specialisations

Long plan - MA Level - hybridity - combining disciplines
possible collaborations:
Special effects+Language = Film
Graphic Design/Communication+Language = Poster/Print
Broadcast Futures+Language=Programme
Fashion+Language=Clothing
3D Film+Language=Film
Interior Design+Language=Furniture

Attach meaning from projects
*Adrian - naval space, architecture, why am I doing Broadcast Futures?
PG01 - Backbone
- links in with other PG modules

Initially first section has a mixture of certain people and uncertain people

Learning Plans - Different navigation methods

'Systematic' + 'Tenacious'

Richie's Learning Plan - Use of the words: 'It's not good enough'

Karl - Going to RCA
use of the word sublime, needs busy environments

MA - dedicated space

legal action - Facebook, Tutor remarked on partying

mini-debate - contextual studies > Facebook
Should not be invaded

Jeremy - writing endorsements - people - LinkedIn

Bill - has to finish projects

Facebook - accessible - students checking in

Things we could do - Sim city

Are we doing things together / or in our own spaces?

Katie - important to walk whilst thinking

Thinking within noise

'Mavericks' - Rave on Air - cannot have work on main screen, so in reaction they bring in their own

Innovation - different between having a style and noise

Hybrid nature of learning - sources

old fashioned forms of thinking:
Stefan Sagmeister
Neville Brody
Bruce Mau

Current sources
Classic sources

John Hartfield - Photomontages of the Nazi Period

Dada movement reacted against the 1st world war

anti-nazi movement opinion - Werkmann - Printing on letterpress
Hand to mouth spreading leaflets and posters.

Used the print furniture at the same surface

Memories of the past - 2 books to add on booklist

looking at obsession - Alfred Wainwright
mapping the countryside

Contemporary icons - Consists more of groups rather than individuals
'Aid Demographics' - Group who started protests
- changed the culture of America
'Action Machine' - Lesbian movements

These groups are hybrids, put themselves out as voices against broadcast powers

Hybrids - impracted on culture

Bibliographies - show where thinking is going

Keep evolving the literature reviews

'John Luc Goddard' - French new-wave (Swiss citizen)
can put people's thinking into boxes
Actually wealthy and not like the movement he sought to motivate.
Researcher goes into the life someone has hid
Period - ideas considered dangerous

Film maker - Albania. Switch off transmission - 2012
switching television, revolution
Also in 2012 - Sundance - 10 day festival at 02
Spend 30% day daydreaming, best time of the day
observation, questioning things

'Sherry Turkle'- 15/20 years of research 'Alone/Together'
for tech/not against tech/research with students at MIT
Questions but does not condemn
Did research into social networking
Have to think questions about whether technology is the driver/or people are the driver of changes.

Important of Testing
Action - Chinese government - testing satelites, military
Think about consequences / Test the idea / in Learning Plan
repeated testing
Who do you test idea on? / Target consumer
receiver. Attitudes from a particular group
Revisit Tent City - You people get a job
People who are dyslexic - walking fast / hearing conservative
What is a job?
What is a focus group? - selected with creative criteria?
Osmosis - meeting someone different
Kieran's learning plan - poetry/forests/tv/poetic way of thinking about relationship between Technology and Nature
Laura - what is the celebration of humanity? - the end of nature?
**Talk about the 'bibliography' as a living thing**
not seen as static, always evolving
Beware of being pompous, leighton cafe, listening to conversations.
places for good conversations
Caroline's Learning Plan - Examples
When we use the term 'Cinema' what are we talking about? - theatre/new and imagined spaces?
Example: Key questions I would like to ask?
Ask for opinion on learning plan?
different answers - questions
Technology can make people out of work
speakers, for cinema
Ethical/moral dimension - how does the question affect people?
People changing their ways of working? Key question about technology: Will it make us happier?
Anti-technology - Luddites movement

Look for extra edge of critical reflection
banana skins 'storytelling'
questions - what does that mean about me?
A natural history science project

Where are we going to with the learning plan?

Books - is there a forward plan? - next 4 weeks, and beyond.

Gap between aspirations and speed to capture enough information to answer the question

What are you going to produce - next year / second year

Production of the prototype of a concept

Skylon-ride

Getting a hand on the journey

Ability to listen to each other

MSc Applied Technologies - seminar at RCA
- relationship between 3D scanning and traditional printmaking - in Jan/April 2012

'Challenge debate'
Example where Rave students challenged norms and debate at the NFT

Find spaces, find out from agegroup

Fashion - check through learning plan - Brianna

'You make it what you want to make it'

Show my learning plan to others

Driving deep the roots of research

Example of the 'Cooler house' - safe area
Step outside of the comfort zone / Am I prepared to fail?

What is going on at Ravensbourne?

Apply 'Tenacity' in arranging interviews

Richie - Determined to arrange interviews
Maria
Karel - organising seminar
Adrian - revisited learning plan - desktop interface
hybrid nature

Do what I want !

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Where from here?

New books and sources
New events and visits
New collaborations
New experimentations

Research Process - Development in learning to read Chinese characters in Chinese-speaking schools (27 Nov 2011)

Searches for papers on Google Books:
---------------------------------------

McBride-Chang, Catherine.
Reading development in Chinese children / edited by Catherine McBride-Chang and Hsuan-Chih Chen (2003) Praeger Publishers, Westport, Connecticut, USA

http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ZsELoJ4_PioC&pg=PA361&dq=chinese+children+learning&hl=zh-CN&ei=g5jRToGRB4n28QPjxujhDw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CD8Q6AEwAg#v=onepage&q=chinese%20children%20learning&f=false

Learning System:
Difference between reading and phonological awareness
Comparison test of visual skills between HK and TW students

China
6yr old children taught to read alphabetic script - pinyin since 1950s
phonetic system
then learn characters


HK
In Hong Kong the majority of children learn to read Characters without being taught Pinyin or ZhuYinFuHao. They have not been introduced to an alphabetical phonetic system before learning the characters. (phonological script before logographic/pictographic script)

'morphological'

Taiwan - ZhuYinFuHao (symbols of phonetic pronounciation)
each phoneme is represented by a unique symbol (37 symbols)
continued to be used throughout primary school years

Singapore



Explicit Teaching and Implicit Learning of Chinese Characters:

http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6fKBvHtTyxsC&pg=PA33&dq=chinese+children+learning+characters&hl=zh-CN&ei=N57RTpjKHcyx8QPwisW7CQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=2&ved=0CDIQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q=chinese%20children%20learning%20characters&f=false

5 principal levels for the description of graphic elements

stroke, stroke-pattern, character, word and sentence

Writing in the air, and dictation of each character.

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Thinking about the 3 different approaches to teaching:

Different orders:

L + S only

L + S, then R + W

L, S, R, W together

Research Process - PG01-10 (22 Nov 2011)

Continuation of presentation  of Manifestos
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- interesting ways of presentation from last week

There is about you an ability/a purpose – Daero
Juan was looking beyond the obvious
Sense of rock solid purpose
Perception of way Daero stood, spoke, confident.

Mark – This is the book I am going to Film

Everyone should have the equivalent idea of a book they are going to film.

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Technological determinism – think the world is determined by technology
Everything that matters driven by technology – counter – without technology, nature within a box in a museum.

Live your manifesto
Enjoy saying it

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BA – Trapped/captured market – can control peoples choices of content
On sealed tube, great for marketing content

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Antonio Maia
Poster
5 people
Soul slaves, the future
The desert

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Tent City – St Pauls

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Poster – yellow, black and white stripes
Do everything more
Dont think anymore
Dont waste more
Unemployment is the holocaust of the century
We shouldn't do that
Avoid everything being communicated in an instant

Poster - slovene
Architecture vision
Conciling Fantasy/Imagination and the Reality
A3 sheet
What am I doing with this.
Studied London Metropolitan – tell you what to think
Rave – tell you to think for yourself
Ravensbourne is not just visual

Simon
Looked at St Pauls, Manifestos
I want 3D TV for you poster, based on US Uncle Bill poster
Drama
No plans for a dedicated 3D channel
Now have the technology, not much more expensive
Political reason, why they are not allowing us to view 3D
US army is using 3D images, simulation of a real life experience
Television drama in 3D, feeling, immersion
Would sex and violence be uncomfortable
Red/Green overprinting
Alot of research comes from the miliatary
Doesnt want to see 3D in drama – from audience, trick, should forget it is 3D
News in 3D
Better retention, richer experience
Glasses create a layer for what you are watching
How far from 3D that does not require glasses, 2 to 3 years away
Huge debate – immersiveness
Marshall mccluhan – hot medium cinema, cold medium TV.
Trying to make television a hot medium...
Use visual metaphors to tell the story
Bringing Sudan into the living room, as immersive as possible
Quality of the speaking, I am intrigued. To desire to enquire.
Agency – Figtree network, great thinkers outside of the box
Look at what everyone else is doing, and do the opposite.
When it becomes more cost effective
Every TV now is 3D enabled
BBC does not have a dedicated 3D channel, has an HD channel
TV industry is driven by the manufacturers, not the broadcasters
Does Accountancy ruin Creativity? Does cost count?

Karel Bata
Stereoscopic 3D media
Manifesto – Purpose, Method
Camera obscura (David Hockney)
Vermeer is more interesting
Perceptual tools, used by the old masters
Same issues coming up with 3D
With 2D photography, a person looks fuller
With 3D photography, a person looks thinner
Comparative study, look at vermeer, how it has been adopted as lenses in 2D and 3D
Are lenses there to make the person more beautiful
Camera can lie about the persons form
Computer models, composition rules
People look more realistic closer up
All representations
What are the questions being asked, life, the universe, and everything, cannot be simplified
'It would be a comparative study of how portrature has been pursued in the various media and how is that perceived'

Christina
black poster
hand – interaction on poster
inviting viewer
letters are like a TV screen
interactive installation is like playground or space
QR tag links to the blog, mobile interaction
dotted line, background
'designed for other IDM people'
reason for the interactions
put people within an immersive space
laboratory-like sense
cold
emotions
one person view, horizon producer, I have made this people for 3 people and you are not one of them.
Why do we need to have fun? We overwork, we need interest, etc?
Need to have fun
Deeply suspicious of the word fun


Animation/Illustration manifesto
Start with sketch, hole cut in paper, with lines leading to the hole cutout.
Travel from one side of the paper into the other side
Hexagon backgrounds
Difference between 2D and 3D
Found as new, random sense of wonder
New angle
'As new' – carries the resonance of a 2^nd hand cooker
Look at miniatures, experiments
Really wierd – British Museum – comments with Juan and Kr
Keep an emotional space
Sense of delight


Sitting Manifesto
Holding poster to the floor
Colour
about how content
I dont really care whether anyone else cares
Chose the picture, inspired by debate
Is it better to travel than arrive
Scene of a purple field with a world
Keep investigating
Keep going
Saying more than words
So much on there
Evolution, looking back at cells, blues and yellows
Yellows moving upwards
We know what the colours mean, but we give new meanings to them
Need air to survive
Meanings attributed to colours
Why do they notice that difference, but we dont.
Re-run the experiment in different colours
Associations with the colour purple, faith systems – Hinduism
Chocolate -like advertising
Chose purple not for psychological emotional reasons, but because it was different
Red, Blue associated with the French revolution
Red – communism/socialism, Blue - conservatism
British army has worn red uniforms since the 17^th century
Armies communicate presence through colour and camouflage
Ideas of Visibility vs Invisibility
Chicago police, 70s – dayglo orange
West German police, green, 80s – question of authority
Belief systems were controlling the colours
Roman centurion – Red cloak
Popular storytellers, dark person black, good person white
emperor wore red.
Manipulating colour assocations to hierarchies of power
Repurposed associations – colour associations through time
Experiment, and do not keep the work so personal
How people perceive colour?

Poster
Tree+Explosion
Visual effects – can support or distort the movie
Thinking about nature
Story of the explosion
Avatar – just visual effects
People can blame the visual effects of a movie
Visual effects is storytelling
Supporting telling a story
'Spectacular' used instead of describing a 'film' – Hollywood
Visual effects are there for a reason
Television introduced a graphic in the 70s
Phrase 'Youth culture' – Janet Street Porter - couldnt we have a 'graphic' – motion mess
Bruckheimer – created explosions for the sake of effect
'Guy Debord', French Philospher, The society of the spectacle, Immersive experience of the cinema
What is a visual effect?
The Player – no physical cut for 10 mins – difference, earlier filmmakers would not use cuts between sequences
Touch of Evil /Hunger – no edits through the film
Wavelength – 60 minute zoom development shot, slow frame change, mesmeric
Railway Freak – railway video Northern Norway – train drivers view

Rory J McClean
Lumigraph 11
Spends alot of time immersed in 3D
Three essential commandments
The romantic gene is dominant
Seal background from Barack Obama
Like visual effects in a more artistic way
Effects – rendering things that are not real, but rendering them realistically
Another way of Storytelling – Lars Von Trier – Dogma film
Look at more of the Lars Von Trier films – Danish filmmaker, Danish cinema
Danish ideas – morality, the danish society, high levels of taxation
Fighting against Danish values
Why are still doing that, doing something different.
Sound enhances the visual effect
Content is more abstract
The Kingdom, soap opera set in Hospital, using Dogma techniques, kicking swedish people
Witty person, people describe him as serious
Complicated ideas
- work must never be a means of increasing wealth
- work must aim quaryely for the viscera
- beauty real beaurty ends where an intellectual expression begins

Signature area

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Afsaneh Afsari
Kitchener image
Environmental design
Poster – Needs you
When I was young I dreamed of changing the world
Change the world
Change your country
Change your self
Taken from different writers - Steve Jobs
Individual architects are responsible for what they do
Used 3s for presentation, absorb thinking
Real world view
Someones belief – are they soundbites?
Heart felt ideas
Small things
Could used their own language
Small things effect change, through collaboration
Does the picture really match the words?

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Ideas: Learning chinese in 3D - letterforms

Readdress own values/beliefs/create a new manifesto (at the core, away from proejct work/subject)

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Lola
Power through collaboration

Joe Steel
MA Stereoscopic Media
Immersive 3D
Could we make people believe that things are in the room?
Multi-directional trackpad
Find out what creates the barrier
Going into a virtual world
Let the imagination go
Call of Duty -
Tilt head, camera tilts
Difference – viewing in 3D film (fixed view) / experience in interactive gaming (moving view)
Experiment – Aural
Leaving 20 minute answerphone messages
Sense of pauses, creates an illusion of having a conversation
Camera tracking
Research into sound – stereo, movement, work with space in unison
Two balls bouncing, sounds of hitting at the touchpoint
Jonathan Glaser – boxes of light,
Central station in new york, stepping into the light introduces sound
Aspect of immersiveness
Kings Cross – Italian horror films, Scala
Power of touch/the tactile/arguably the most powerful of all

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Mila
Delivery of product
StreamArt – find a new way of displaying knowledge
Live streaming of theatre
Trying to break new ground
Passion
About Process
Personal holding out their hands looking to the horizon
Will take up to a year
Upload to server, next unit, business unit
PT student - Build the business plan with a FT student
Do need the money
Speak to theatre companies
Audience – Social Media
Different areas, different parts of society, british library
'Streaming theatre online'
Go for an existing audience, than new audience
Live music performance, people visiting the british library have gone to see the performance, than see books.
Question of whether to bring them to see theatre, or watch from a laptop.
How do the theatres film it?
Content belongs to the actors
Brian – said major institutions suh as BL and SciM are willing to get involved in other projects beyond their remit, sense of serious, leveraging in the world

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Quotations from favourite designers
'I live where the sky ends' – Rihanna song
Told not to have limitations
'Less is more'
Limits can be useful
Teach a group of managers about personal development
Idea of humanity, is more important than
This is about ambition, the choice of statements are used.
Give a good in depth view of a person
He has chosen selected quotes of famous people, to place themselves among greats


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Interactivity is important
Interaction is fundamental to communication
Area of Design
Focus on Business / Maximising return
These business people find other people's skills
What individual talents does that person have

JK
The Internet can be a politicians friend
Twitter – social network effect
In the past we used to gather around the water cooler, now use the internet to exchange info
Hashtag
Everything on TV is on the Internet
Find out how many people tweet, during a programme?
Piggybacking on scandal
Push the story on
Encourage rumour
Longevity – Twitter ? How long?
Everything online is a reflection of what is offline
Chatter, grapevine, conversation
Facebook – who are you writing for? / Not why people use facebook.
You can find out what people are thinking?

Brian
How the Manifesto links to the Learning Plan
What are you going to do with the Manifesto?
You have to own it.
Talk about where your CARD should be? Critically argued research document
Next assessment – 17 January
How do you take the manifesto? - Look at the face – What am I going to do about it?
Bringing the work and the personal together

- Prepare the questions for interview, to show that you have done your research
- Chinese learning for blind people
- Thinking outside the obvious- Global attitudes to the manifesto